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Celebrating 100 Years of Science! | 1925-2025

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The Indian River Lagoon on the east coast of Florida is suffering from polluted water, algal blooms, seagrass losses, and fish kills.
Conceptual diagram of the key features of and…
An icon representing degraded water quality.
Degraded water quality
Saltwater intrudes into freshwater, a problem often affiliated with excess coastal groundwater extraction.
Saltwater intrusion
An icon representing water quality.
Water quality
Unsustainable development and overfishing threaten Belize's coral reefs.
Belize coral reefs in jeopardy
The degraded coral reefs of Mexico's east coast need clean, clear water to survive.
Coral reefs of Mexico are in jeopardy
Best management practices are needed from the ridge to the reef for healthy coastal zones and positive social wellbeing.
The coastal areas of Guatemala are impacted by…
The reduction of impacts and threats to the coastal ecosystem of Honduras benefits both humans and coral reefs.
The current features of and threats to the…
A conceptual diagram illustrates the factors that can stimulate the growth of harmful algal blooms in brackish rivers and how these blooms can negatively impact other species within the ecosystem.
Algal Bloom Causation and Impacts in Brackish…
A conceptual diagram illustrates the key features of the Chesapeake Bay watershed as well as the inputs that stimulate eutrophication and the symptoms of eutrophication.
The Causes and Effects of Eutrophication
Ranking tributaries by water quality, then by diffuse nitrogen sources can help to determine which watersheds are high priority. High priority watersheds are those responsible for proportionally more nutrient and sediment inputs to receiving waters than other watersheds.
Steps to Identifying High Priority Tributaries
As land use in the Chilika Lake area changes from forest to settlements and paddy agriculture sewage, and fertilizer and pesticides runoff increases into the Lake. This extra nutrient input results in algae blooms that float and sit on the bottom.
Chilika Lake Pollution Pressure
Arrow representing bacteria inputs or flows
Inputs: bacteria
Arrow representing conductivity inputs or flows
Inputs: conductivity
Arrow to indicate trash inputs
Inputs: trash
Illustration showing sediment inputs.
Inputs: nutrients 2
Illustration showing sediment inputs.
Inputs: sediments 2
Illustration of nutrient, toxin, and sediment inputs.
Inputs: nutrients, toxins, sediment
The Gulf of Mexico watershed includes portions of five countries.
Gulf of Mexico watershed
Triptych comparison of a river mouth, showing a pristine environment (left) with subsequent sediment, nutrients, and toxin inputs leading to an unhealthy and unproductive environment with a hardened shoreline (right).
Estuary 3D: River Mouth Triptych
Illustration of low toxicant inputs
Toxicants: low
Conceptual diagram illustrating how nutrients trigger large algae blooms, which decrease oxygen.
Algal blooms result in low oxygen
Conceptual Diagram illustrating the percentage of nitrogen input in the Chesapeake Bay.
Nitrogen input in the Chesapeake Bay
Conceptual diagram illustrating the percentage of phosphorus inputs in the Chesapeake bay.
Phosphorus in the Chesapeake Bay
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