Seagrasses and mangroves in Moreton Bay

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The use of the seagrass, Zostera capricorni, to identify anthropogenic nutrient sources in Moreton Bay

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Major solute concentrations in wet deposition were measured for 115 individual events From October 1988 to June 1990 at Lake Calado, Amazonas, Brazil. A continuous record from July 1989 through June 1990 included 210 events that ranged in size from 0.2 to 85 mm (annual total, 2754 mm). The 95 events chemically analyzed during this period (45% of the total) were evenly distributed over all storm sizes.

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Seagrasses, marine angiosperms with high rates of primary productivity, are often limited by the supply of nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). We investigated growth and physiological responses of three seagrass species (Halodule uninervis (Forsk.), Zostera capricorni Aschers and Cymodocea serrulata (r.Br.) Aschers) to elevated sediment N (100X control) and/or P (10x control) in adjacent monospecific beds over a 3 month period from spring to early summer.

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Full description … Thirty 3 m diameter plots were established in Warnbro Sound, Western Australia in early 1991, within an Amphibolis griffithii meadow, and the shoot densities manipulated to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% (control) by pruning. These experimental manipulations were monitored and maintained on a monthly basis until March 1993. The effects of these density changes on sediments were investigated.

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Fertilization experiments have established that seagrass growth in Moreton Bay can be limited by the supply of both N and P. In the present study, morphological and physiological characteristics (canopy height, shoot density, biomass, growth, tissue nutrient content, amino acid concentrations and delta(15)N ratios) of Zostera capricorni Aschers.

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Phytoplankton productivity and the factors that influence it were studied in the Logan River and southern Moreton Bay, a large embayment on the east coast of Australia. Phytoplankton productivity, dissolved and total nutrient concentrations, and turbidity were determined throughout high and low rainfall periods to characterize light and nutrient influences on productivity.

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Hydrochemical changes caused by slash-and-bum agricultural practices in a small upland catchment in the central Amazon were measured. Solute concentrations were analyzed in wet deposition, overland flow, shallow throughflow, groundwater and bank seepage in a forested plot (about 5 ha) and an adjacent plot (about 2 ha) which had been deforested in July 1989 and planted to manioc, and in stream water in partially deforested and forested catchments.

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The hydrochemical responses to slash-and-bum agriculture in a small rainforest catchment of the central Amazon were investigated for one year. Disturbances in the partially deforested catchment began in 1987, and during the study a 2-ha plot was cut (July 1989) and burned (October 1989) in preparation for the cultivation of manioc; the partially deforested catchment was approximately 80% deforested at the time of this study.

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Five seagrass species [Halophila ovalis (R.Br) Hook. f., Halodule uninervis (Forsk.) Aschers., Zostera capricorni Aschers., Cymodocea serrulata (R.Br) Aschers. (ed.) and Syringodium isoetifolium (Aschers.) Dandy] from Moreton Bay, Australia, were grown under increased (+25%) and ambient levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and various morphological and physiological responses were examined.

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