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Media for Conservation International: Science communication products
Diagram showing pressures to the world's coral reefs.
Diagram showing pressures to the world's coral…
The ocean provides a wealth of services that directly benefit human well-being. Over half the worlds population lives within 100 miles of a coastline, and 20 of the 30 largest cities in the world are coastal. There is increasing access to remote areas, and there are important connections between human well-being and the marine environment. The most widely recognized marine ecosystem services are discussed.
Ecosystem services of the ocean
Ideal conditions required for growth of any particular organism vary over scales of time and space. This occurs because the success of a habitat and associated organisms are dependent on a variety of factors. By protecting several replicates of similar habitats in the system, along an environmental gradient, the likelihood increases that at least one habitat will be healthy in any particular year. The life cycle of lobsters shows that just one species needs many connected habitats to survive and reproduce.
Habitat patchwork
One approach to the development of better coastal and marine policy and management is the concept of marine managed areas (MMAs). A MMA is an area of ocean, or combination of land and ocean, where human activities are managed toward common goals. MMAs are a form of ecosystem-based management, where all elements of a particular system are considered together. When the principles of a marine managed area are fully implemented, the resulting benefits to both the environment and humans can be optimized.
Marine managed areas

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